Five basic requirements for the design of flower commercial greenhouses

1. Meeting the climatic conditions of different region
Different regions of different climatic conditions, greenhouse performance only in line with the use of regional climatic conditions, in order to give full play to its role. If the hot and humid areas, if the greenhouse is designed to no side windows, with cold and wet curtain fan cooling, the daytime greenhouse temperature will be high, it is difficult to maintain the temperature for greenhouse plant growth, can not be the annual production. If in a warm climate area, simply a simple cold room equipment can be carried out in general greenhouse flower production, if designed to improve the heating equipment of the greenhouse, it is not applicable. Therefore, according to the greenhouse use of different climatic conditions in the design and construction of greenhouse.

2. The basis of greenhouse design is the ecological requirements of cultivated flowers
Whether the greenhouse design is scientific and practical, mainly depends on whether it can meet the ecological requirements of flowers. In other words, the main environmental factors within the greenhouse, such as temperature, humidity, light, moisture and so on to meet the ecological habits of flowers. Different flowers, different ecological habits, the same flowers in different stages of growth and development, there are different requirements. Therefore, the greenhouse designers to the growth and development of various types of flowers and different stages of growth and development requirements of the environment have a clear understanding of the full application of the principles of construction and other disciplines and technology in order to obtain the desired design results.

3. The greenhouse must be set at sunny places
There can be no other buildings or trees shade, so as to avoid lack of greenhouse lighting. In the greenhouse or greenhouse group north or northwest, the best mountain, tall buildings or windbreaks, etc., the formation of warm microclimate environment. Requirements of soil drainage is good, the groundwater level is low, because the greenhouse heating facilities are located in the ground, and the northern greenhouse more semi-underground type, such as the groundwater level is difficult to set higher. In addition, should also pay attention to water convenience, water quality and convenient transportation.

4. The planning and design of the greenhouse area must be reasonable
In the large-scale greenhouse flower production in the greenhouse area of ​​the greenhouse group arrangement, shade, hotbed, studio, boiler room and other ancillary equipment set to have a comprehensive and reasonable planning layout. Greenhouse arrangement, we must first consider not shade each other, in this context, the more close the greenhouse more favorable, not only can save construction investment, saving land area, and easy to greenhouse management. The reasonable spacing of the greenhouse depends on the latitude of the greenhouse and the height of the greenhouse. In the case of the Beijing area, when the greenhouse is extended east-west, the distance between the two rows of greenhouses is usually twice the height of the greenhouse, and the shade is often set here for the summer pots to be used outdoors; To the extension, the distance between the two rows of greenhouse, should be the greenhouse height of 2/3, so arranged north and south of the greenhouse, if cultivated potted plants, to consider in the greenhouse and then set aside the appropriate area to set the shade. When the greenhouse height is not equal, the high greenhouse should be planned in the north, short on the south. The studio and the boiler room are located on the north or east and west sides of the greenhouse. If the greenhouse facilities are relatively perfect, the establishment of multi-storey greenhouse is more economical and practical, the greenhouse can be divided into independent units, respectively, cultivate different flowers.
Solar radiant energy is the basic source of greenhouse heat. The determination of the greenhouse roof angle is an important indicator of the ability to make full use of solar radiation and measure the performance of the greenhouse. Greenhouse uses solar radiant energy, mainly through the southward tilt of the glass (or plastic) roof. With solar rays and the roof angle of 90 °, the greenhouse to obtain the largest energy, with glass cover calculation, about access to solar radiation energy of 86.48% (12% of which is glass absorption, 1.52% of the thickness of consumption); if the angle (About 4.5%), the greenhouse to get 81.98% of solar energy; if the angle of 15 °, then 30% of the energy is reflected off, the greenhouse can only get 56.48% of the energy.

5. The amount of solar radiation available in the greenhouse depends on the height of the sun and the angle of the south of the greenhouse to the glass roof. The height of the sun is changing yearly, and the use of the greenhouse, mostly in winter. In the northern hemisphere, winter to winter solstice (December 21, 22 or 23) of the sun's highest angle, the sunshine time is the shortest, is the year the sun radiation energy the smallest day. Usually from the winter solstice sun height angle as the basis for calculating the angle to the south glass roof. If the energy obtained by this day greenhouse can basically meet the ecological requirements of cultivated plants, other time and temperature conditions will be better, is conducive to the cultivation of plant growth and development
The solar elevation angles in different latitudes of winter solstice are different and decrease with latitude. But for a certain area, the greater the angle of the south to the glass roof, the greater the angle with the sun, so the greenhouse solar energy is also more.
Greenhouse south to the glass roof tilt angle is different, the greenhouse penetration of solar radiation intensity is significantly different. When the sun enters the roof of the incident angle of 90 °, the maximum solar radiation intensity. In Beijing, for example, the sunrise angle from midnight to noon is 26.6 °. If the sun's incident angle is 90 °, the inclination angle of the glass roof should be 63.4 °, which is not possible in the greenhouse structure. It is necessary to absorb as much as possible solar radiation, engineering structure and reasonable. With an angle of incidence of not less than 60 °, the angle of inclination of the south to the glass roof shall not be less than 33.4 °. Other latitude areas can be determined by reference.
North-south extension of the double roof greenhouse, the size of the tilt angle of the roof, before and after noon and solar radiation intensity is not, because regardless of the size of the glass roof tilt angle, the equivalent of sunlight projected on the level. This is the reason why such greenhouse temperatures are lower than those of the greenhouse. However, for the morning and afternoon to obtain more solar radiation energy, roof tilt angle of about 30 ° is better.